Introduction to Rice Export from India to Saudi Arabia
India is the world’s largest exporter of rice, accounting for over 40% of global rice exports, with Saudi Arabia being one of its most consistent buyers. The Gulf nation imports millions of tons of rice annually, primarily Basmati and Non-Basmati varieties, due to their rich aroma and long-grain texture preferred by consumers.
Exporting rice from India to Saudi Arabia presents a golden opportunity for entrepreneurs seeking to expand into international markets. With strong bilateral trade relations, simplified logistics, and high demand, it’s a profitable business if you understand the rules, documentation, and logistics involved.
Why Saudi Arabia is a Key Market for Indian Rice Exporters
Saudi Arabia’s rapidly growing population, large expatriate community, and cultural preference for Indian cuisine make it a top destination for Indian rice. The Kingdom imports around 1.2–1.5 million metric tons of rice annually, with India supplying nearly 70% of it.
Moreover, the India–Saudi Arabia trade agreement and stable diplomatic relations ensure favorable conditions for agricultural exporters. The Saudi Food and Drug Authority (SFDA) has set clear import standards, which, once understood, simplify long-term business operations.
Types of Rice Exported from India to Saudi Arabia
The most popular Indian rice varieties exported include:
- Basmati Rice: Known for its aroma and long grains. Highly preferred in Saudi households.
- Non-Basmati Rice: Includes Sona Masoori, IR64, and 1001 varieties, popular among restaurants.
- Parboiled Rice: Processed to retain nutrients, commonly used for mass catering.
- Brown and Organic Rice: Gaining popularity among health-conscious consumers.
Each type must meet Saudi specifications in terms of grain length, aroma, moisture content, and packaging.
Understanding Export Regulations and Compliance Requirements
Registration with DGFT and APEDA
Every exporter must register with the Directorate General of Foreign Trade (DGFT) and obtain an Import Export Code (IEC) — a mandatory license for international trade. Additionally, registration with APEDA (Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority) is essential for rice exporters.
APEDA registration helps exporters access market information, participate in trade fairs, and receive government incentives.
Meeting Saudi Arabia’s SFDA and SASO Standards
Saudi Arabia’s SFDA (Saudi Food and Drug Authority) and SASO (Saudi Standards, Metrology and Quality Organization) oversee food imports. Your rice must:
- Be free from contaminants and pesticides.
- Meet packaging and labeling requirements in Arabic and English.
- Include batch numbers, nutritional values, and manufacturing details.
Failure to comply can lead to shipment rejection or penalties.
Documentation Required to Export Rice from India to Saudi Arabia
Proper documentation ensures smooth customs clearance. The key documents include:
| Document | Purpose |
| Commercial Invoice | Lists the product, quantity, and value. |
| Packing List | Details packaging and weight specifications. |
| Certificate of Origin | Issued by the Chamber of Commerce confirming Indian origin. |
| Phytosanitary Certificate | Confirms the shipment is pest- and disease-free. |
| Bill of Lading / Airway Bill | Shipping document for sea or air freight. |
| Insurance Certificate | Protects against transit damage or loss. |
Step-by-Step Process of Exporting Rice from India to Saudi Arabia
Step 1 – Source High-Quality Rice
Partner with FSSAI-approved mills or reliable suppliers. Ensure consistent grain quality, uniform color, and low moisture content to meet SFDA standards.
Step 2 – Packaging and Labeling Standards
Rice must be packed in 25 kg or 50 kg jute or polypropylene bags, labeled in both Arabic and English. Avoid using recycled materials or faded prints.
Step 3 – Logistics and Shipment
Most exporters use sea freight due to cost efficiency. Common routes include Nhava Sheva (Mumbai) → Jeddah Port or Mundra → Dammam. Delivery typically takes 10–15 days.
Step 4 – Customs Clearance
After shipping, submit required documents to Indian customs and Saudi authorities for inspection. Working with an experienced Customs House Agent (CHA) can speed up this process.
Cost and Profit Margin in Rice Export Business
The cost of exporting rice includes:
- Procurement cost: ₹50–₹70 per kg for Basmati.
- Packaging & logistics: ₹2–₹5 per kg.
- Freight and customs: ₹1–₹3 per kg.
Average export prices range from $800–$1,200 per metric ton, with profit margins between 10%–25%, depending on the scale and efficiency.
Top Indian Ports and Shipping Routes
| Port Name | Location | Saudi Destination |
| Nhava Sheva | Mumbai | Jeddah, Dammam |
| Mundra Port | Gujarat | Riyadh Dry Port |
| Kandla Port | Gujarat | Jeddah |
| Tuticorin Port | Tamil Nadu | Dammam |
Challenges Faced by Indian Rice Exporters
- Stringent SFDA inspections.
- Fluctuating freight charges.
- Currency exchange risks.
- Competition from Pakistan and Thailand.
Proactive quality management and long-term contracts can minimize these risks.
Tips for New Rice Exporters
- Attend APEDA trade fairs to find buyers.
- Use B2B platforms like Alibaba or TradIndia to reach Saudi importers.
- Work with export consultants to manage documentation.
- Focus on branding and consistent quality to retain clients.
Future Opportunities in the India–Saudi Rice Trade
With increasing demand for premium and organic rice, exporters can explore niche categories like organic basmati and value-added rice products. Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030 and growing consumer base offer excellent expansion opportunities.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Q1. Do I need an export license to ship rice from India to Saudi Arabia?
Yes, you need an Import Export Code (IEC) from DGFT and APEDA registration.
Q2. What are the major rice varieties exported to Saudi Arabia?
Primarily Basmati, Non-Basmati, and Parboiled Rice.
Q3. How long does shipping take?
It usually takes 10–15 days by sea, depending on the port.
Q4. What documents are required for customs clearance?
Key documents include Bill of Lading, Certificate of Origin, Phytosanitary Certificate, and Commercial Invoice.
Q5. Can small businesses start rice exports?
Absolutely. Many small-scale exporters begin through export agents or online marketplaces.
Q6. Where can I find Saudi rice buyers?
You can connect through B2B directories, APEDA buyer lists, and trade exhibitions like Gulfood Dubai.
Conclusion
Exporting rice from India to Saudi Arabia is a profitable and sustainable business when done with proper planning, documentation, and compliance. With strong bilateral ties and high demand, Indian rice exporters have immense potential to thrive in the Gulf market.
To start your journey, register with DGFT and APEDA, ensure quality standards, and establish reliable partnerships with Saudi importers.
